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why so much excitement ...
Take the predictions of a standard “leading twist” approach ...
NLO DGLAP global analysis of nuclear PDFs (fit to ~450 experimental points from e+A, p+A Drell-Yann data):
Maximum gluon shadowing at x~10-4 (indirectly) constrained by all available DIS data on nuclear targets is ~0.8
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IF indeed RG(x=10-4) ≈ 0.2-0.4 (as suggested by BRAHMS), this could be an evidence of breakdown of QCD factorization at high pT (due to high twist effects at small-x).